WHAT IS A BARBACK? THE MASTER GUIDE TO BECOMING A BARTENDER’S HELPER
f you have no experience as a bartender and want to work your way into a bartending position, getting a job as a barback is one of the most common ways to make your way behind the bar. It’s an incredibly important position and is also sometimes called “bar backer”, “bar back”, “bar runner” or just “runner”.
This is a long post, so here are some links to skip ahead!
WHAT IS A BARBACK?
Inside most great restaurants, cruise ships, large hotels, and other drinking establishments of decent size, hundreds of clients wait for their alcoholic drinks. In such busy institutions, bartenders are too busy to handle all of the duties behind the bar.
For example, on a busy night, bartenders can easily fall behind stacking clean glasses, stocking new beer bottles, and organizing the set up behind the bar, in general. A barback’s job helps the bartenders maintain the order and more efficiently focus on making drinks.
The presence of barbacks will help the bartenders and the establishment run more efficiently. When barback’s support the bartenders, bartenders have the opportunity to create more drinks and earn more tips.
Not only does the barback manage the organization, but barbacks also anticipate the future needs of the bartender for the night. This foresight helps the bar avoid problems later in the evening. With the help of barback, a drinking institution can attract higher quality bartenders.
WHAT DOES A BARBACK DO IN SHORTEST WORDS?
The barback helps the bar run more efficiently, aiding the bartenders in any task, and allowing the bartenders to focus more on making drinks.
HOW DOES A BARBACK DRESS?
Here are photos of the typical barman.
The barman’s required dress code is typically in accordance with the style of the bartenders. These dress standards range from completely casual (without any given dress code) to a formal black tie and tuxedo uniform. In most cases, wear requirements will depend on the bar and its clientele. A sports bar attracts a more casual attire. In these businesses, the usual staff attire is t-shirt and jeans.
Hotel lobby bars are more upscale. Workers tend to dress formal to match the guests who arrive on business. Expect to find barmen in dress shirts and dress pants, and sometimes in a suit.
Restaurant bars usually have their barmen wear the restaurant uniform. This can be a polo shirt with slacks, a t-shirt with jeans or even formal wear. The attire here will vary based on the classiness of the institution. More often than not, restaurants require barmen to dress in the same style as servers.
ARE BARMEN MOSTLY MALE OR FEMALE?
While data strongly suggests more females enter the bartending industry than men, there has been no indication that females occupy most jobs. Initially, a barman was usually a position filled by a man; hence the name “barman.”
These days, women, or “bar-women,” are more active in the workforce. There is no clear reliable statistic yet showing that men still outnumber women in this position. Young females, working behind the bar, can be more profitable for a bar serving mostly single men.
On the same token, a bar catering to mostly women benefits more when attractive men are on staff. (Albeit, cases who’d “mostly-women” bars are usually uncommon.”). Gay bars can benefit from male barmen or bartenders, even if the employee is straight.
IS THE DEMAND FOR BARBACKS INCREASING?
(Search amount of jobs)
As automation takes over the workplace, we are seeing an increasing amount of machines take the place of “human” workers. In recent times, it is not surprising to place a food order on a touchscreen kiosk at McDonalds.
While machines have not yet replaced bartenders and barmen, it is an increasing concern of the industry.
Some bartenders have been replaced by computers.
In Las Vegas, a machine automated bar is completely staffed by computers. Ordering is done on a kiosk. Clientele are able to order one of 199 drinks. While the machine stocks the glasses refills it’s liquor reserves, there is no barman.
Automation and AI are true threats to the future of barmen. There will be fewer jobs in the future. A consensus has not been formed by the industry on when exactly computers will overtake a majority of the industry.
It is clear that there will always be a demand for human service in bars. Clients crave personalization, emotion and connection, and these conditions can only exist in “real” human life—for now.
It seems that any large leap in computerized automation of bar service is still 10-15+ years in the future.
Right now, most bar owners seek to maximize efficiency. Any busy bar today can benefit from hiring barmen. The result of such hiring brings the bar a larger bottom line. This is due to cost savings or the ability to reduce bartenders in the presence of barmen.
WHAT ESTABLISHMENTS DON’T HIRE BARBACKS?
Barmen are not always needed. In some situations, barmen are useless. Every bar decides for itself, the order threshold for employing a barman. Optimizing the operation depends on the types of drinks primarily served in the facility. For example, beer orders take less time to serve than a “Sex on the Beach” cocktail. However, if there are less than 15 or 20 drinks ordered per hour, there is often no need for a barman.
When one bartender has sufficient time to manage all of their orders and complete all additional bar tasks, the presence of a barman is foolish.
Occasionally, restaurants avoid hiring barmen but utilize non-bar staff to help fulfill the duties. For example, a restaurant’s wait staff may have periods of downtime. In this rest, servers sometimes handle barmen responsibilities. After acquiring experience, food workers are from time-to-time asked to transition to a “barman” from a “waiter.” This is typically when the bar’s orders surpass business from the kitchen. Many barmen and bartenders today started working in the drink industry after a job in food service due to this situation.
Barman income
Will a barman earn as much as a bartender?
The earnings of a barman depend on each company’s internal payment structure. To answer this question, tips and hourly pay must be considered.
CAN A BARMAN EARN TIPS?
Contrary to popular belief, it is possible for a barman and bartender to earn the same amount of tips. It is a common assumption that more tips will be taken home by bartenders and servers than by barmen. After all, clients usually tip these staff members directly. Even if a client is aware of a barman’s involvement, a barman will not usually receive the same amount directly from a client.
A barman can receive the same amount of tips as a bartender (or in rare cases more tips) when institutions divide tips equally amongst staff. This is becoming a more common practice in the 21st century.
Tips to barmen are occasionally is at the discretion of the bartenders. In this case, bartenders pay barmen out of their own tips. Larger tip amounts are often shared on busier shifts. Smaller tip earnings can come to barmen on the tail-end of a slow night. In many institutions, bartenders are solely responsible for determining this amount paid to barmen.
Other companies require staff to contribute all direct tips to a “tipping pool.” This pool is then divided amongst workers at the end of each shift. Each role receives a fixed tip rate in this case.
CAN BARMEN EARN S HIGHER SALARY THAN BARTENDERS?
The salary question is a complicated question to answer. First of all, most service staff are paid an hourly rate nowadays. The answer to who earns more or less depends on the state, and sometimes the business. In the United States, state jurisdictions set minimum hourly rates for service workers. With the exception of California and a few other states, most states reduce minimum wages for food and drink service. The reason is these states expect workers to earn part of their income from tips.
Barmen earn a higher hourly rate than bartenders when there’s not an opportunity for the barmen to earn or share in the tips. It should be noted that after tips and hourly earning, bartenders generally earn more than barmen.
As a result, many barmen work their way up to bartender.
Do female barmen earn less than their male counterparts? I read in the news, most women make less money than men for the same work.
There are many factors that determine total take home pay. Among these factors, are time off, shifts worked, and responsibilities. It is well known that men are more likely to work in jobs that are detrimental to health. Overnight “third shift” work is no exception to this. In these cases, men earn more than their female counterparts.
Women working in the nightlife industry are often in their 20’s. This is a common age for child bearing. Due to pregnancy leave and motherhood responsibilities, women’s pay can be also affected.
While reputable data is unclear for comparing barmen and female barmen earnings, it is possible to speculate that the average total female barmen income is slightly lower for the aforementioned reasons.
Whether there are hiring biases or different pay levels are right or wrong will not be discussed here. Plenty of political forums exist for pay wage gap arguments.
BARBACK DUTIES
The barback’s job requirements will largely depend on the establishment. These duties may range from only stocking glass to practically being responsible for everything behind the bar. In some cases, barbacks will illegally or legally pour drinks.
Do Barbacks make drinks?
COMMON BARBACK DUTIES, TASKS & RESPONSIBILITIES:
- Replenishing bars with everything they need before, during and after service. (This includes but isn’t limited to restocking liquor and wine, changing out beer kegs, watching & restocking garnish, syrups, napkins, straws, etc.)
- Cleaning and organizing liquor room, beer storage area, wine storage and dry goods area
- Cleaning everything else (Yes, everything. Counters, dishes, glassware, tools, floors, etc.)
- Working with managers supplies up to date and make sure there are enough for service
- Taking out the garbage
- Putting away incoming beer, wine and liquor orders
- Tending to emergencies like: cleaning broken glass, clogged drains, spills and unexpected messes, etc.
- Relaying information to / from the kitchen, security, the bar, etc.
BEFORE SERVICE:
Before the shift their main responsibility is to get the bar ready for service. This can mean that the barback is putting away the liquor and beer delivery that came in during the day, stocking each bar station with straws, napkins and coasters, prepping juices for service, cutting garnish and back ups. They basically work with the bartenders to ensure that the bar is fully stocked and ready to open for business.
DURING SERVICE:
During the shift the barback position is typically one of the busiest in the bar/restaurant. If you ever see a young person that is constantly moving behind the bar and rarely interacting with guests, most likely that is the barback. During a shift they will typically be responsible for cleaning and refilling glassware, changing kegs, cleaning the bar top and restocking everything in the bar from spirits to syrups. Rarely will you see them taking drink orders or mixing drinks.
AFTER SERVICE:
When the bar or restaurant closes for the night, the barback will work with the bartenders to break the bar down. This could mean taking out the trash, restocking bottles and cleaning all the glassware.
WHEN IS BARBACKING ILLEGAL?
In some countries and states, a barback must meet a minimum age requirement to work behind the bar. Some states require barbacks to be or drinking age or close to 21 years old. Other states and countries have no retrictions limiting minors’ direct handling of alcohol.
A 19 or 20-year-old barback can earn an invaluable experience that will one day help him or her become a bartender when laws allow.
HOW OLD EXACTLY DO I NEED TO BE?
Make sure to check your local alcohol serving laws before hiring a new barback. While the legal drinking age is 21 in the United States, barbacks and even bartenders can be under 21 depending on your state’s on-premise alcohol serving laws. In Colorado, the age to serve alcohol is 18, while in Washington it’s 21. Some states place conditions on bartenders or barbacks under 21 years of age, requiring that a manager or supervisor age 21 or older be present when the person is tending bar, or that the bartender under 21 take special beverage server training.
Under the Licensing Act 2003 children can work in pubs and restaurants: they can wait on tables, collect glasses, clear tables and take orders from customers.
- In California, minors between 18 and 21 can serve alcohol in a “bona fide public eating place,” but minors can’t be employed in any place which primarily serves booze — like a bar or club (unless they’re musicians). So an underage staffer serving margaritas at Chili’s would be OK, but not at a local nightclub — unless the staffer is with the band.
- In Texas, almost any 18-year-old is allowed to be employed as an alcohol server, as long as that minor employee has completed alcohol server/seller training. There are a variety of training courses available throughout the state, and many are provided online.
- In Nebraska, servers need to be at least 19 years of age in order to sell and serve alcohol, but only 16 to handle and dispose of alcohol containers. This means a 19-year-old can bartend and a 16 year-old-can haul full and empty liquors bottles to and from a Nebraska bar.
- In Utah, bartenders and liquor store clerks need to be 21 in order to legally sell or serve booze in Utah. But a 16-year-old can sell beer at an off-premise location as long as he or she is supervised by someone 21 or over.
The Minimum Age for Bartending in On-premises Establishments by State
18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
Arkansas | Arizona | Alabama | |
Colorado | Idaho | Alaska | |
Connecticut | Nebraska | California | |
Florida | Delaware | ||
Georgia | District of Columbia (Washington DC) | ||
Hawaii | Indiana (18 with restrictions) | ||
Illinois | Kansas | ||
Iowa | Kentucky (20 with restrictions) | ||
Louisiana | Missouri | ||
Maine | Montana | ||
Maryland | Nevada | ||
Massachusetts | New Mexico | ||
Michigan | North Carolina | ||
Minnesota | North Dakota | ||
Mississippi | Ohio | ||
New Hampshire | Oklahoma | ||
New Jersey | Oregon | ||
New York | South Carolina | ||
Pennsylvania | Utah | ||
Rhode Island | Virginia | ||
South Dakota | Washington | ||
Tennessee | Wyoming | ||
Texas | |||
Vermont | |||
West Virginia | |||
Wisconsin |
Minimum Age To ServeMinimum Age To BartendManager or
Supervisor
Must Be
PresentCitationsBeerWineSpiritsBeerWineSpirits
1/1/2019 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 1 Citations | ||
Alaska
|
1/1/2019 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 3 Citations | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arizona
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 3 Citations | |
Arkansas
|
1/1/2019 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 7 Citations | |
California
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 4 Citations | |
Colorado
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 7 Citations | |
Connecticut
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 1 Citations | |
Delaware
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 5 Citations | |
District of Columbia
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 1 Citations | |
Florida
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 1 Citations | |
Georgia
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 1 Citations | |
Hawaii
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 1 Citations | |
Idaho
|
1/1/2019 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 3 Citations | |
Illinois
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 3 Citations | |
Indiana
|
1/1/2019 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 3 Citations | |
Iowa
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 1 Citations | |
Kansas
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 3 Citations | |
Kentucky
|
1/1/2019 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 1 Citations | |
Louisiana
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 3 Citations | |
Maine
|
1/1/2019 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 1 Citations | |
Maryland
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 4 Citations | |
Massachusetts
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 1 Citations | |
Michigan
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 1 Citations | |
Minnesota
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 4 Citations | |
Mississippi
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 3 Citations | |
Missouri
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 1 Citations | |
Montana
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 1 Citations | |
Nebraska
|
1/1/2019 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 1 Citations | |
Nevada
|
1/1/2019 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 2 Citations | |
New Hampshire
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 1 Citations | |
New Jersey
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 2 Citations | |
New Mexico
|
1/1/2019 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 2 Citations | |
New York
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 1 Citations | |
North Carolina
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 2 Citations | |
North Dakota
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 2 Citations | |
Ohio
|
1/1/2019 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 21 | 21 | 3 Citations | |
Oklahoma
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 5 Citations | |
Oregon
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 2 Citations | |
Pennsylvania
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 4 Citations | |
Rhode Island
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 2 Citations | |
South Carolina
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 5 Citations | |
South Dakota
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 4 Citations | |
Tennessee
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 5 Citations | |
Texas
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 2 Citations | |
Utah
|
1/1/2019 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 5 Citations | |
Vermont
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 4 Citations | |
Virginia
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 3 Citations | |
Washington
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 5 Citations | |
West Virginia
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 3 Citations | |
Wisconsin
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 7 Citations | |
Wyoming
|
1/1/2019 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 2 Citations | |
United States
|
1/1/2019 |
City/County Specific Requirements
In addition to each state’s laws on minors serving alcohol, business owners should be aware of their local jurisdiction’s laws on alcohol servers. For example, an employer may be operating in a dry or semi-dry county with more stringent rules than the state regarding alcohol serving age.
This intersection of state and local alcohol laws can be confusing. That’s why bar and restaurant owners hoping to hire a minor to serve alcohol may want to contact an attorney familiar with state and local laws first.
CAN INTROVERTS BE A BARBACK?
Barbacks don’t have too much interaction with customers, so this is ideal if you’re an introvert. They get a regular base wage—usually, hourly—that’s supplemented by a portion of the bartender’s tips.
CAN A BARBACK BECOME A BARTENDER?
A barback is an excellent position for aspiring bartenders that don’t have the experience needed to get hired as a bartender. Many bars promote within, so if you do well at a low-level bar job like barback, becoming a bartender is definitely within reach if that’s your goal.
HOW MUCH ARE BARBACKS PAID?
In the USA, barbacks are usually paid minimum wage but will often get a portion of the bartenders tips. Typically you’ll either receive a percentage of the bartenders’ total tips, or a percentage of total sales. Depending on the bar and market, barbacks can make very good money! I know many bar backs that make more money at nightclubs/high volume speakeasies than bartenders working at restaurant / neighborhood bars. It’s all about where you land, but making somewhere between 80-200 a night in tips as a bar back is not unheard of.
While most salary and wage reports for the barback suggest you can expect to earn around $17-$20k per year, they vary dramatically by market and it’s also possible that these numbers exclude tipped earnings. For a good baseline, consider
Barbacks are usually paid hourly, plus tips. The minimum tipped wage varies by state, but the national average annual salary for barbacks is $20,018 before tips, according to Glassdoor. Most restaurants tip out their barbacks, which can leave them making more than non-tipped positions like cooks and dishwashers.
In many cases, each bartender will tip out the barback at the end of the shift, anywhere from 1-2% of sales or 5-20% of tips, according to Bars and Bartending. If a busy bartender makes $200-300 in tips per night, the tip out could be anywhere from $10 to $60. Now, multiply that by however many bartenders there are, by however many days of the week that barback works … you get the gist.
However, that all depends on your establishment’s policy on tipping, tip pooling, and tip sharing. Every bar has nuanced policies on barback and bartender tipping. Learn more from restaurateurs and bartenders in this Reddit thread.
IS EXPERIENCE NECESSARY TO BECOME ONE?
Barbacks are often hired with no experience. They just need to have a great attitude, a willingness to learn, and the ability to lift a certain amount of weight. Barbacks tend to shadow and support bartenders, making this role ideal for people looking to enter the service industry.